Egypt

Egypt boasts a desert climate with very hot summers and mild winters, making it a year-round destination. The peak tourist seasons run from October to April, when the weather is more pleasant, particularly in Cairo and Luxor, where temperatures average around 20-25°C (68-77°F). Summer months, particularly June through August, can soar to 40°C (104°F) or higher, making coastal regions like Sharm El Sheikh and Hurghada popular for beachgoers. In spring, travelers can enjoy the blooming of wildflowers, and autumn sees fewer crowds, perfect for exploring ancient sites.

Traveling to Egypt is efficient with various modes of transport available. Most international travelers arrive by air, with Cairo International Airport (CAI) being the primary gateway. Many cities are also accessible by bus and car, making local travel easy to navigate.

• Main airports include Cairo International Airport (CAI), Luxor International Airport (LXR), and Sharm El Sheikh International Airport (SSH). Major international routes connect from North America (e.g., New York's JFK), Europe (London's Heathrow), Asia (Dubai International), South America, Africa, and Australia.
• Low-cost airlines like EgyptAir offer budget-friendly options between major cities.
• Flight times vary: from New York to Cairo, expect around 11-12 hours, while flights from Europe usually last about 3-4 hours.

• Main bus stations in Cairo, such as Turgoman, provide services to major cities like Alexandria, Luxor, and Aswan.
• These buses make travel around the country convenient, with frequent services connecting popular tourist destinations.

• Egypt's rail network offers international routes to Sudan, with comfortable sleeper services available for long-distance travel.
• The journey from Cairo to Luxor takes approximately 12 hours, with many scenic landscapes along the way.

• Main highways connect cities in a relatively straightforward manner, including the Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road.
• Driving distances: Cairo to Luxor is about 650 km (404 miles) and takes around 8-10 hours.
• Road conditions vary, but major roads are usually well-maintained; some areas may require tolls.

Egypt offers a rich tapestry of activities ranging from historical explorations to vibrant modern attractions. Adventure seekers can dive into the Red Sea off the coast of Sharm El Sheikh or relax on golden beaches along the Mediterranean in Alexandria. History buffs should not miss the iconic Pyramids of Giza, the Valley of the Kings, or cruising the Nile River to explore ancient temples.

For cultural immersion, visit local markets and experience the lively atmosphere in cities like Cairo and Aswan. Culinary tours offer a taste of traditional dishes, while numerous festivals celebrate Egypt’s unique heritage. Lastly, outdoor enthusiasts can trek through the Sinai Mountains or embark on a desert safari in the Western Desert.

Accommodation in Egypt varies greatly, catering to all budgets and preferences. Luxury seekers can enjoy high-end hotels in Cairo, Luxor, and along the Red Sea, with prices ranging from $150 to $500 per night depending on the season. Mid-range options like boutique hotels and guesthouses offer a unique stay for $50 to $150 per night. For those on a budget, dormitory-style hostels or simple guesthouses can be found starting around $10 to $30 nightly.

During peak season (October - April), prices can surge, so it’s wise to book in advance. Coastal resorts often offer all-inclusive deals, while historic sites near cities like Luxor provide authentic experiences near ancient attractions.

Egyptian cuisine is a delightful blend of spices and flavors, featuring staples like ful medames (fava beans), koshari (a mix of rice, lentils, and pasta), and freshly baked bread. Don't miss traditional dishes such as moussaka and kebab, found at local eateries and restaurants throughout the country. Sweet treats like basbousa and kunafa are also popular, perfect for dessert lovers.

Typical meal prices vary: enjoy street food for $1-$3, while dining in a mid-range restaurant may cost around $10-$20 per person. Traditional coffee shops and markets in cities like Cairo offer a welcoming atmosphere to sip tea or Arabic coffee.

• Emergency services: Police - 122, Ambulance - 123, Fire Brigade - 180
• Embassy of the United States in Cairo: 2 Saad Zaghloul St, Garden City, Cairo, Egypt
• Currency: Egyptian Pound (EGP); payment methods include cash and credit cards.
• Visa: Ensure passport is valid for at least 6 months beyond your arrival date; a tourist visa is required for most nationalities.
• Major airports: Cairo International Airport (CAI), Luxor International Airport (LXR), Sharm El Sheikh International Airport (SSH).

Egypt is home to some of the most iconic landmarks in the world. Not-to-miss destinations include:

• Cairo: Explore the Egyptian Museum and the Great Pyramids of Giza, where ancient history comes alive.
• Luxor: Known as the world's greatest open-air museum, it hosts the Valley of the Kings and magnificent temples like Karnak.
• Aswan: Visit the stunning Philae Temple on the Island of Philae and enjoy the vibrant local market.
• Sharm El Sheikh: Dive into vibrant coral reefs or unwind on beautiful beaches along the Red Sea.
• Alexandria: A city with rich Roman history, visit the Bibliotheca Alexandrina and stroll along the Mediterranean coast.

Each of these cities offers a unique glimpse into Egypt's rich cultural heritage and ancient marvels.

Egypt's remarkable history stretches back thousands of years, characterized by several significant periods, including the Pharaonic, Greco-Roman, and Islamic eras. The landscape is predominantly desert, with the Nile River serving as a lifeline that supports agriculture and settlement. The Nile Delta leads to the Mediterranean Sea, providing a contrast of lush greenery against arid surroundings. Egypt experiences a desert climate, with extremely hot summers and mild winters; average temperatures range from 28°C (82°F) in winter to above 40°C (104°F) in summer, especially in the south.

Egypt has a population of over 100 million people, making it one of the most populous countries in Africa. Arabic is the official language, and the predominant religion is Islam, which plays a significant role in cultural traditions and daily life. Egyptian culture is a blend of ancient customs and modern influences, marked by festivals such as Ramadan and Coptic Christmas. Unique aspects include traditional music, dance, and crafts that showcase a rich artistic heritage. The warmth and hospitality of the Egyptian people are well-known, making visitors feel welcome throughout the country.